A Brief Biography of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi - 766 Words

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was Indias greatest political and moral leader. He was born in Gujarat on October 2, 1869 and assassinated on January 30, 1948. In his 79 years of lifetime, he was able to accomplish so many things for the discriminated and all of India. His acts and ideologies still affects the world today. He was born in Gujarat on October 2, 1869 to a prime minister of Rajkot and a faithful Hindu woman. His mother Putilbais faith in Hindu affected Gandhi as a child and her teachings led him to become a faithful Hindu himself at a young age. His strong belief in Hinduism later affected and led him through rest of his life. During his college years at the Indian Samilus College, he decides to study abroad in England. The leaders of Hindu opposes this idea because they believed that western culture is a stumbling block to Hindus. Overcoming this opposition, he gets accepted into University College of London and later receives a lawyer license. He not only focused on his studies but also on his personal moral issues. He would travel far places just keep his vegetarian diet that was enforced by the Hindu laws. After achieving his license, he moves back to India to work as a lawyer. Because of fainthearted personality, he would not speak a single word of defense in court. He then moves to South Africa and gets a job in the South African- Indian Trade company. There he sees the Indians getting discriminated by the white people and

Role of Youths in Nation Building Free Essays

â€Å"Youth is that spark which needs no ignition†. Youth is that clay which can be molded in either shape one wants. This is the sole reason for both exploitation and utilization of youth in the destruction and construction of any nation respectively. We will write a custom essay sample on Role of Youths in Nation Building or any similar topic only for you Order Now youth is not given a proper chance to prove their potentials in countries like ours, but,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The young†Ã‚  , according to Pearl S. Buck, (a Nobel Laureate in literature)  Ã¢â‚¬Å"do not know enough to be prudent, and therefore they attempt the impossible, and achieve it, generation after generation†. this single quotation of her is sufficient to motivate the whole nation? Or do we still need motivational quotes like the one above to recall our own potentials to attempt the impossible and achieve the success? It seems highly surprising that,  we, the youth fail to display the same enthusiasm in nation’s building which we often display for getting ahead in traffic? Have we really forgotten our responsibility towards our nation or that we are knowingly skipping the tasks to achieve development? It is observed that, the youth who always fight for enjoying their rights, never wish to take up the pains of responsibility. According to me, Indian youth is socially responsible and moreover is working complicatedly to see India attain the developed status. Many educated youth had already realized the necessity of utilizing their skills for the betterment of the society but at the same time, the youth is also misguided to a larger extent by some evil sources making them irresponsible towards the society they live in. It is pathetic but true that, due to many –a-problems that exists in today’s world, youth is highly attracted and/or fancied towards evil sources. As a result, a huge destruction is occurring all over. It is true that, youth is highly amendable, but one must show†¦ [continues] How to cite Role of Youths in Nation Building, Papers

Challenges of International Students-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Challenges International Students Face When Coming to Another Country. Answer: Background of the Study The primary objective of the international students is to achieve the higher education from a foreign country, which provides a better quality of education that the country where the student is born. Receiving the education from a better country helps the students to have a better understanding about the values, beliefs and cultures of the countries, which helps them in serving as an ambassador of culture between the origin country and the foreign country. These types of students are among the best students in the origin country and have a strong set of skills in their respected fields along with better job opportunities after the completion of their educational course (Deresky 2017, pp. 19-27). It is seen that the increase in foreign students in the United States increased to 640,000 in the academic year of 2007-2008, which around 4 percent rise that the previous years. The increase in the number of students indicated that the colleges and universities had competitive advantage on a global scale with respect to diversity and excellence. Most of the foreign students that come to the US and the United Kingdom are Asians where India is one of the largest contributors followed by China and Korea. The North-American and African students constitute of the other part (Wu, Garza and Guzman 2015, pp. 7-14). The African students constitute of about 6 percent of the international student category in the United States and United Kingdom. Africa is one of the oldest and hugely populated continents in the world where it is believed that Egypt is one of the earliest settlements for the human civilization (Teichler 2014, pp. 393-408). The African continent consists of 54 countries and has many natural wonders such as Mount Kilimanjaro and the Sahara desert, which are only a few of the attractions. The continent is monolithic in nature and the international students come from specific regions, which are located in some of the countries (Abdullah, Aziz and Ibrahim 2014, pp. 235-253). Significance of the study The administrators of the universities are of the belief that the workforce that will be educated with respect to political, economic and social development will help the emerging counties in welcoming the international students. The educators also believe that sharing the knowledge will help in enhancing the understanding of the international students as well. The international students will be able to achieve the academic goals through a proper source of cultural diversity from the colleges and universities. Objectives of the study The aims and objectives for the study will be to determine the following:- The challenges that are faced by the international students The strategies that the students adopt to overcome the challenges Research questions The research questions of the study will be as follows:- What are the challenges that the students face when they pursue higher education from international universities? What are the strategies that will help them in overcoming these challenges? Research hypothesis The study will be based on the following hypothesis:- H0: The students do not face any challenges while coming to a foreign country to pursue their education H1: The students mostly adapt themselves to the conditions that are present in the foreign country without any difficulty Purpose of the Study The research study will help in evaluating the factors that the students face in a foreign country along with the factors that help in contributing fort their success. The students who are of European and American backgrounds do not face any challenges in the foreign country while the Asian and the African students feel the changes, as they have different cultural backgrounds. Assumptions for the study While conducting the process of research, the following assumptions were made:- The international students face challenges The students are capable to articulate the challenges The questionnaire sample that will be provided to them will be answered in an honest and truthful manner. Limitation of the study The limitation will be that the participants who will take part in the research process will be asked the same questions in various ways and the responses were triangulated in a proper manner. The in-depth interviews will help the researcher to differentiate the findings based on common threads with respect to reliability and the challenges that the student will face in the foreign country while pursuing higher education. Definitions International student- They will pursue the higher education at a graduate and undergraduate level with the intention to return to the country of origin after the studies are completed. Culture- It is the way of life that people adopts, which constitutes of behaviors, values, beliefs and symbols that are accepted within the society. Culture shock- It is the feeling of isolation and anxiety that is experienced by the person when they encounter another culture. Acculturation- It is the process through which the people of a particular culture adopts the behavior and beliefs of other cultures. Literature Review The review of literature will consist of the challenges that will be faced by the students when they go to a foreign country for pursuing higher education. The challenges are mainly inclusive of the climate and living conditions along with alienation and loneliness, personal, discrimination and stereotypes, proficiency of the language, personal and the financial conditions. The international students will be able to overcome the challenges if they follow the mechanisms such as flexibility, support systems that are available locally, self-determination, motivation, hard work and support from the family (Madge, Rgahuram and Noxolo 2015, pp. 681-701). Climate and Living conditions The international students face many difficulties in adapting to the new time zones and different weather conditions, which is different from the home countries. This is a major challenge, as the students need to adjust their body according to the weather and climatic conditions of the host country. The international students may feel disoriented and confused during the time of adjusting their schedules. The other impact will be that the food, which the students will be exposed to may result in becoming thin for the students (Sawir 2013, pp. 359-378). Alienation and Loneliness The international students may face challenges within the society in the host country, which may result in a sense of loss, as they will be separated from their family and friends. This loss for the student may result in loneliness, loss of confidence and will confuse them in having a leisure period within the new environment (Ploner 2017, pp. 425-444). This results in formation of strong ethnic communities by the international students, which will serve as a particular psychological function. The monocultural communities that are formed by the international students are mainly from the same country, which helps them in staying attached to their cultural and ethnic values. These communities will help the international students to have an academic and professional assistance along with the need for recreations by these students (Sullivan and Kashubeck-West 2015, pp. 1-11). These cultural groups have helped the international students to develop a sense of belonging, as they are exposed to the same cultural systems. The disadvantage is that the international students will become isolated and lose contacts with the students who are from the host country. It is seen that the African students who come to study in other countries are selective in choosing their groups, which will help them in achieving their academic goals along with preserving their cultures as well (Wallace and Dunn 2013, pp. 27-52). Personal The extents of the challenges that are present in the society have different opinions with respect to differences in their personality along with the social stigmas that are present and the experiences in prejudice. The international students need to show more extraversion, which will help them in maintaining and developing new relationships through the support networks that are present in the society. Extraversion will help in understanding the openness and creativity along with a level of sensitivity among themselves. The students who exhibit shyness and have low self-esteem along with anxiety may have less experience in developing the success in maintaining and developing new relationships with others (Cai and Kivisto 2013, pp. 55-78). The female students have been bought up in a warm and compassionate manner in their country of origin than the men, which shows that they have a better support system than men do. This shows that the female international students may experience few challenges in the society when compared to male counterparts (Pasztor 2015, pp. 832-842). Discrimination and Stereotypes The prejudices and the stereotypes that the national of the host country have with respect to the international students has impeded the ability of these students in developing and maintaining relationships in the host countries. The previous studies conducted by different researchers have shown that the international students who are of Nigerian origin face discrimination on the basis of race and color of the skin, which creates a negative impact, as they try to interact with the national students (Yue, Le and Terry 2014, pp. 10-20). The foreign students who are of European background exhibit normative attitudes and behaviors in countries like United States and United Kingdom, which puts them at a risk of alienation. It is also seen that the African and the Asian students face maximum risks, which has resulted in a higher level of depression among the students than the Asian counterparts have experienced (Gomes et al. 2014, pp. 2-15). The racial discriminations have been difficult for the international students especially those that belong from a racially homogeneous country. These students have not encountered any discrimination with respect to race until they have come to the foreign countries to pursue their higher education, as they become the minorities in those countries. The negative stereotypes that they face are based on two aspects such as neo-racism and racial discrimination, which are based on culture and color respectively (Mestenhauser 2015, pp. 3-15). The local students of the country often have negative impressions of the cultures that are followed by the international students, which create a negative effect on the surrounding environment on a global scale. The Asian and the African students have mostly struggled while performing in their respective schools, which are seen as a negative effect on the inequalities of class when they go to a different country for their educational purpose (Yue, Le a nd Terry 2014, pp. 10-20). The international students who are of African origin has a history of slavery, which is known by the universities and the locals of the developed countries create a negative impact on the foreign students, which leads to cultural shocks. It is seen that the students find themselves within the web of racism, xenophobia and face problems in adjusting to the new environment (Gomes et al. 2014, pp. 2-15). Language proficiency The international students face problem while speaking, as they are unaware of the local languages that is prevalent in the host country. Most of the international students are unable to pass the test of proficiency of language, which causes hindrances for them in understanding the lectures or write reports and is unable to express their ideas to the professors. The proficiency of language is a major factor for success of the international students based on academics (Czinkota and Ronkainen 2013, pp. 10-15). Culture The international students face a culture shock that is in terms of the adjusting to the culture in an environment that is not known to them. It is seen that cultural shock occurs on four different levels such as fascination with novelty, beginning to adjust in a new place, hostility and the customs and rituals that they need to accept in the new country. However, it is seen that these stages are not in a sequential manner, as these stages happen one after another during the period of difficulty. The anxiety and stress symptoms that are caused due to cultural shock are inclusive of home depression, sadness, homesickness, and inability to eat may have a negative impact on the health and safety of the students (Alam et al. 2013, pp. 870-874). Academic requirements and expectations The challenges with respect to academics is often called as education shock, which may arise with the difficulties that the international students face regarding the expectation, cultures in the classroom and the relationship between the student and the faculty members in the host countries. These challenges may occur due to the differences in the system of the education, proficiency of language and the cultural difference between the host country and the country of origin of the student (Hughes 2013, pp. 126-146). Financial The international students will experience financial concerns when adjusting to the new environment due to the factor of loneliness. The international students need to attend the universities on a full-time basis and may not get the permit for working in the host country so that they can earn an additional income. The students need to pay the tuition fees, which are relatively higher, as they do not receive any financial help from the government or the international agencies that are present there. This has resulted in stress that happens due to social, academic, cultural and financial challenges that they face, which results directly to a feeling of homesickness and alienation. This has resulted in anxiety, depression and problems that may arise due to lack of hunger and sleep (Bernard 2017, pp. 210-213). Success strategies To ensure the success of the international students, the universities and colleges have taken up the programs that will help the different needs of the international students to be met in an efficient manner. The students need to undergo the administrative paperwork that will ensure them to remain in status and undertake the academic programs like English as a Second Language (ESL) program and the tutors who will assist them in the academic sessions (Zheng 2014, pp. 136-143). The universities and colleges have also started incorporating the cultural programs that will help the students in adapting the new culture. Another form of cultural program will be to conduct workshops on the cultures that are prevalent in the host country so that the seniors of the universities may assist the juniors in understanding the local culture in a better way. These workshops will help the international students in developing and maintaining friendships within the community so that they can share the e xperiences and advice with each other (Van Mol 2014, pp. 3-5). Critical review The research study will help in determining the international students who are going abroad in countries like United Kingdom and United States for pursuing their higher education. The students will face many challenges while adjusting themselves in the new environment. There will be problems such as depression, discrimination and eating disorders, which may result in eating and sleep disorders for the students. The local students of the host country need to help the international students so that they can feel comfortable in adapting to the new environment. The colleges and the universities need to organize workshops and various programs so that the international students can have a better understanding about the culture that is prevalent in the host country. This will help them in adapting to the cultures and combine it with their origin countries so that they can compare it with each other, which will ensure a better rate of reliability between the cultures. The main aim of this chapter is to understand the methodologies that will be used for conducting the research study by using various methods for completing the research and by collecting samples and responses from the target population. This will help in the process of data analysis, which will make the research study authentic. The questionnaire that will be prepared for the study will be distributed among the target population so that the answers that will be provided by them will help in conducting the research in an efficient manner (Mackey and Gass 2015, pp. 16-20). Research design The design for the research needs to be built so that it can help in completing the process in a better manner. The use of different tools and elements will help the research to be conducted in a simple manner. The research process will be conducted using the descriptive type of investigation, as it will help the researcher to gain a better knowledge about the topic and provide better perspectives so that other researchers can use the research in the future (Brinkmann 2014, pp 1008-1010). Area of study The positivism method will be adopted so that the datas that will be collected for the research process can be measured in a better manner. The positivism method will help in testing the hypothesis by analyzing the data so that the outcome can be achieved, as the study will be conducted by analyzing the data in an in-depth manner. Target population The research will be conducted on the various colleges and universities that are in United States. The questionnaire will be distributed among the international students so that they can give their opinion about what they feel as the necessary challenges. Sample Size The research will be conducted by distributing questionnaires among the international students who are studying in the universities and colleges of United States. The target population for the effective study of the research will be to get the reaction of a minimum of 100 students so that the research study can be done in a better way. Sample technique The process of sampling will be to select a part of the population from the entire population so that the data can be collected in a better manner. The research process will be based on non-probability process, as the data will be collected based on random selection. This will help the research to be conducted in a fair manner (Panneerselvam 2014, pp. 4-7). Data collection and analysis The research will be based on qualitative and quantitative study, where the qualitative study will be done based on the interviews that will be collected from the teachers and professors and quantitative data will be collected from the students, which will help in analyzing the data. The analysis of the data will be done using the SPSS software and using the Chi-Square test analysis, which help sin determining the relationship between two associated variables (Flick 2015, pp. 9-18). Ethical considerations While the research will be conducted, the researcher needs to maintain some etiquette so that the surrounding environment is not harmed and the research can be conducted in a proper manner. The researcher needs to be patient while collected the data so that the data collection can be done in a fair and just manner. Apart from this, the researcher needs to abide by the Data Protection Act where the information that is collected by the researcher will not be leaked anyhow. Reference List Abdullah, D., Aziz, M.I.A. and Ibrahim, A.L.M., 2014. A research into international student-related research:(Re) Visualising our stand?.Higher Education,67(3), pp.235-253. Alam, F., Alam, Q., Chowdhury, H. and Steiner, T., 2013. Transnational education: benefits, threats and challenges.Procedia Engineering,56, pp.870-874. Bernard, W.T., 2017.Broadening horizons: International exchanges in social work. Routledge. Brinkmann, S., 2014. Interview. InEncyclopedia of Critical Psychology(pp. 1008-1010). Springer New York. Cai, Y. and Kivist, J., 2013. Tuition fees for international students in Finland: where to go from here?.Journal of Studies in International Education,17(1), pp.55-78. Czinkota, M.R. and Ronkainen, I.A., 2013.International marketing. Cengage Learning. Deresky, H., 2017.International management: Managing across borders and cultures. Pearson Education India. Flick, U., 2015.Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Gomes, C., Berry, M., Alzougool, B. and Chang, S., 2014. Home away from home: International students and their identity-based social networks in Australia.Journal of International Students,4(1), pp.2-15. Hughes, H., 2013. International students using online information resources to learn: Complex experience and learning needs.Journal of Further and Higher Education,37(1), pp.126-146. Mackey, A. and Gass, S.M., 2015.Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. Madge, C., Raghuram, P. and Noxolo, P., 2015. Conceptualizing international education: From international student to international study.Progress in Human Geography,39(6), pp.681-701. Mestenhauser, J.A., 2015. On the Hologram of International Education. InInternationalizing higher education(pp. 3-15). SensePublishers. Panneerselvam, R., 2014.Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Psztor, A., 2015. Careers on the move: international doctoral students at an elite British university.Population, Space and Place,21(8), pp.832-842. Ploner, J., 2017. Resilience, moorings and international student mobilitiesExploring biographical narratives of social science students in the UK.Mobilities,12(3), pp.425-444. Sawir, E., 2013. Internationalisation of higher education curriculum: the contribution of international students.Globalisation, Societies and Education,11(3), pp.359-378. Sullivan, C. and Kashubeck-West, S., 2015. The interplay of international students' acculturative stress, social support, and acculturation modes.Journal of International Students,5(1), pp.1-11. Teichler, U., 2014. Opportunities and problems of comparative higher education research: The daily life of research.Higher Education,67(4), pp.393-408. Van Mol, C., 2014.Intra-European student mobility in international higher education circuits: Europe on the move. Springer. Wallace, M. and Dunn, L. eds., 2013.Teaching in transnational higher education: enhancing learning for offshore international students. Routledge. Wu, H.P., Garza, E. and Guzman, N., 2015. International students challenge and adjustment to college.Education Research International,2015. Yue, Y., Le, Q. and Terry, D.R., 2014. Transition to an unfamiliar environment: International students' living experiences in an Australian regional area.Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Student Services Association (JANZSSA), (23), pp.10-20. Zheng, P., 2014. Antecedents to international student inflows to UK higher education: A comparative analysis.Journal of Business Research,67(2), pp.136-143.

Marketing Myopia Summary Essay Example

Marketing Myopia Summary Paper Marketing Myopia Summary Main Points: 1. An industry is a customer-satisfying process, not a goods-producing process. Businesses will be better positioned for growth if they concentrate on meeting customers’ needs rather than on the mass production and selling techniques of their products. 2. Companies stop growing because of a failure in management, not because the market is saturated (Levitt, 2008:1). Myopia is a term used and means to be shortsighted. In business, this would mean not having the foresight or long term plan to fully understand what business you are in as well as how to stay in it. One example that Levitt used, was the railroad industry. The railroads industry declined because they were railroad oriented instead of transportation oriented, they were product oriented instead of customer oriented. They declined not because of cars, trucks, airplanes, and even telephones, but because of their own myopia. To be a growth industry you must focus on satisfying a customer need. Focusing solely on product, profits and mass production will not help a company survive. Management must think of itself not as producing products but as providing customer-creating value satisfactions. A successful industry will include a strong focus on satisfying and meeting the needs of the customer followed by good production, research and development as well as a good selling strategy. In addition it is about how you define the business you are in. It needs to know the needs of the customer and what further innovations the company can bring to keep the consumer interest, as well as adapting to the changing business market. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Myopia Summary specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Myopia Summary specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Myopia Summary specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

How to Break the News About Bad Grades to Your Parents

How to Break the News About Bad Grades to Your Parents If you are expecting a bad grade, or if you’ve just found out you’re going to flunk a class, then it’s pretty likely that you’re facing a tough conversation with your parents. It may be tempting to delay the bad news as long as you can, but that is a bad idea. You have to address this head on and prepare your parents for a shock. Don’t let your parents be surprised by bad news Procrastination just makes things worse in any situation, but it’s especially damaging in this situation. If your parents are surprised by a flunking grade, they’ll feel doubly disappointed. If they have to learn at the last minute or discover the news through a teacher, they’ll feel like there is a lack of trust and communication on top of the academic problem at hand. By telling them ahead of time, you’re letting them know that you don’t want to keep secrets from them. Schedule a meeting It’s hard to talk to parents sometimes- we all know this. Right now, however, it’s time to bite the bullet and schedule a time to talk with your parents. Pick a time, make some tea or pour some soft drinks, and call a meeting. This effort alone will let them know that you are taking this seriously. Acknowledge the big picture Your parents will want to know that you understand the seriousness of bad grades. After all, high school is the doorway to adulthood, so your parents will want to know that you do understand what is at stake. Understand that this is a time when you are laying the foundation for a successful future and communicate that view in your conversation with your parents. Acknowledge your mistakes Remember that everybody makes mistakes (including parents). The good news is that you can learn from your mistakes. Before you speak with your parents, make an effort to understand what went wrong in the first place. Take some time to figure out why the bad grade happened (and be honest about this). Were you overloaded this year? Did you take on too much? Maybe you had a problem with priorities or time management. Make a real effort to get to the root of your problem, then think of ways to make the situation better. Be prepared Write your conclusions and plans on a piece of paper and take it with you when you meet with your parents. Talk about your possible ideas. Are you willing to go to summer school? Maybe you should drop sports next year if you have to take a make-up course next year? Think about the steps you can take and be ready to discuss them. Your goal is to show your parents that you are willing to take ownership. Admit you screwed up or that you have a problem- if you did- and let your parents know that you have a plan to avoid making the same mistake in the future. By taking ownership, you are showing a sign of growing up, and your parents will be happy to see it. Be mature Even if you go in with a plan, you must be willing to receive other suggestions. Don’t go into the meeting with the attitude that you have all the answers. As we grow into adults, we sometimes learn to push our parents’ buttons. If you really want to be a grownup, it’s time to stop pushing those buttons now. Don’t try to get into a fight with your parents to blur the topic and transfer the problem to them, for instance. Another common trick that parents see through: don’t use drama to try to manipulate the situation. Don’t cry and exaggerate your guilt to generate some sympathy. Sound familiar? We all do things like this as we test our boundaries. The point here is, it’s time to move on and learn. Be prepared to receive news you don’t like. Your parents’ idea of a solution may be different from your own. Be flexible and cooperative. You can recover from any situation if you are willing to learn and to make the necessary changes. Make a plan and follow it!

In and Of Itself

In and Of Itself In and Of Itself In and Of Itself By Maeve Maddox A reader asks, Is the term in and of itself usually associated with a reward, complete: can the reward be either in or of itself or is the separate use insufficient. I had to puzzle over the question a bit. I think it is asking if the phrases â€Å"in itself† and â€Å"of itself† can be used separately to mean intrinsically instead of being lumped together as â€Å"in and of itself.† Yes, they can. in itself This game is  in itself an insult to anyone  who buys it. Privatisation is not  good  or bad  in itself.   The world knows that Russia currently has regular soldiers stationed within the borders of Ukraine, albeit not identified (which in itself is a breach of acknowledged rules of war).   of itself Of itself  the idea of the outflanking maneuver was neither new nor original. All change is  of itself  an evil, which ought not to be hazarded but for evident advantage.   Of itself, the plan  might  not  have been unlawful, but it could have had unfortunate repercussions. â€Å"A reward in and of itself† is a clichà © used in reference to some activity that brings little or no reward in terms of money or appreciation. For example: A person’s job can be a source of reward in and of itself. Making great music is a reward in and of itself. Our work in community building can be seen as a reward in and of itself. The expression may derive from the proverb â€Å"Virtue is its own reward.† The idiom â€Å"in and of itself† is the English version of Latin per se: â€Å"by itself.† Long used as an English adverb, per se means â€Å"by or in itself; without reference to anything else; intrinsically.† Although some modern speakers object to the use of Latin expressions as elitist, â€Å"in and of itself† is hardly an elegant replacement for per se. But it is popular: To the extent any state employee was involved in facilitating the escape, that is a crime in and of itself, and that will be fully prosecuted as a crime in and of itself, Cuomo said. [A certain financing measure] could be one part of a comprehensive plan to increase education funding, but it is not a solution in and of itself. A school plan such as an Individualized Educational Plan is insufficient documentation in and of itself to determine eligibility. â€Å"In and of itself† is one of those phrases like â€Å"each and every† and â€Å"part and parcel† that say the same thing twice. Usually it is enough to say â€Å"in itself.† I wouldn’t go so far as to condemn the expression altogether. Sometimes a speaker might want to use it as a form of emphasis. Generally speaking, however, it sounds stuffy and clichà ©d. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Signs and Symbols You Should Knowâ€Å"As Well As† Does Not Mean â€Å"And†The 7 Types of Possessive Case

Anatomy of a Olympic Team Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Anatomy of a Olympic Team - Research Paper Example Unfortunately, the British Swimming Team turned up with only three medals, rather than the expected target of five to seven medals. This paper is all about researching and analyzing the various factors related to how the British Olympic Association’s systems and culture, the external influences on the team, individual athletes’ characteristics and the overall elements influencing the team, had an impact on the performance of the British Swimming team. From this analysis, one can discover how successful the British Swimming Team has been in achieving its targets, satisfying its swimmers’ needs, and preserving its team’s survival on an international level (Parliament UK 2010; Pullbuoy 2012; Swimpsych 2012). One of the first things related to this analysis that should be considered is the goal that the British Olympic Swimming Team was aiming to achieve; a target of five to seven medals for the 2012 Olympics. This goal was not an unrealistic one, as it was ba sed on various statistics. For instance, the number of finalists that had qualified for the Games was almost four times the number of finalists that had qualified back in the 2000 Olympics. Also, if the average number of medals won by the British Swimming Team in global swimming events in the last nine years is considered, the number comes up to approximately five. Furthermore, the number of swims was greater than it had been since 1992 and it is noted that 40% of the swimming team had swum faster in 2012 than in 2011. These statistics, along with the record of the highest number of swimmers in Britain’s Olympic history to qualify for the finals, prove that, in theory, a target of five to seven medals was certainly a realistic one. However, even though there were promising signs about the team completing the target, issues have been raised concerning the level of performance achieved. True, the statistics stated above are not the only factors that can control the team’ s performance. Nevertheless, the performance of individual swimmers can certainly be controlled; estimates were made using the best swimming times of individuals in relays from 2006, 2007 and 2012-2012. If, hypothetically, it is assumed that a swimmer can produce their best time in the heats, semis and finals, it was found that only 4 out of 49 swims produced personal best performances, while 8 out of 49 swims produced textile best times. This low quota of best times rightfully proves that the British Swimming Team was not sufficiently prepared, resulting in it facing a high level of difficulty. Had it been so, the results of the 2012 Olympics would have been greatly improved, as their targeted goal was an easily achievable one (Pullbuoy 2012). Another aspect that should be considered is the characteristics of key swimmers in the Great Britain Swimming Team. The team has a record breaker in their midst, in the form of Michael Jamieson, a first class Scottish swimmer. He won a silver medal at the 2012 Olympics after competing in the 200 meter breaststroke and has broken the British record at least 3 times. His skill set comprises mainly of the breast stroke technique and the butterfly technique. Jamieson’s coach, David McNully, speaks highly of him and is always on his toes to help Jamieson improve his technique. Jamieson has always been taking swimming seriously, always improving and very self-motivating. They might not have done so well in the 2012 Olympics, but with Michael Jamieson in

Royal mail Privetisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Royal mail Privetisation - Essay Example Many governments owned so-called natural monopolies such as water, power, and postal services on the assumption that market efficiency would be attained if there were only a single seller. It is easy to see why a monopoly may be needed in some markets, as in the case of utilities where large investments are needed, or in postal services where a number of mail delivery routes are not profitable enough to attract private investments. But as many nations eventually experienced through the years, this market structure became characterised by inefficiency and wasted resources. This was the situation at Royal Mail in 2002. Its vehicle repair centre situated in the Isle of Wight was a case in point. The poor location entailed unreasonable expenditures, a factor for inefficiency and a destroyer of value. Since it would be a better use of resources for broken down vehicles from different parts of the British Isles to be repaired in the nearest motor shops, this vehicle repair centre would be under-utilised. Its facilities would be better off sold, closed down, or put to other use, for example as a conference centre for its workers. Monopolies lead to inefficiency and waste because the absence of competition leads to complacency, as the company enjoying a monopoly position would not have the incentive to improve itself and be efficient. Like a pensioner unmotivated to work because of a guaranteed income, monopolies know that their market has no choice but to buy its products, no matter how poor the quality. And when the monopoly, like Royal Mail, is labour intensive, not only do the workers become a formidable political force that can influence the outcome of elections (â€Å"forcing† politicians to listen to their pleas), but also their lifetime employment status binds the state to pay until retirement, a disincentive for increasing

PROJECT ON CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT WITH RELIGARE SECURITIES LTD Essay Example for Free

PROJECT ON CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT WITH RELIGARE SECURITIES LTD Essay The company can then use the information to learn about the behavior of its customers and improve the way it does a business. It can look at recurring complaints from multiple customers to solve a problem which would otherwise go unchecked with a normal formats and management system of the company. The main objective of my project is to find effective solution for the Customer Relationship Management and accordingly increase the credibility and profitability of the company. This study is more related to consumer behavior and perception about the facilities and convenience provided by the company, Customer Satisfaction is emphasized in this management. o Helping an enterprise to enable its marketing departments to identify and target their best customers, manage marketing campaigns with clear goals and objectives, and generate quality leads for the sales team. Assisting the organization to improve telesales, account, and sales management by optimizing information shared by multiple employees, and streamlining existing processes (for example, taking orders using mobile devices) o Allowing the formation of individualized relationships with customers, with the aim of improving customer satisfaction and maximizing profits; identifying the most profitable customers and providing them the highest level of service. o Providing employees with the information and processes necessary to know their customers, understand their needs, and effectively build relationships between the company, its customer base, and distribution partners. CHAPTER 2. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT A. Title of the project: Customer Relationship Management (CRM) with Religare Securities B. Objective of the Study: The objective of the project was to analyze „Effective Customer Relationship Management‟ for Religare Securities Ltd., Pune for that we have to understand current CRM System and Services provided from the company and its effect on Customer Needs, Satisfaction Level, their response and emotions. The objective of this study to analyze existing customer satisfaction as those customers are the key sources to new customers with respect to the performance, sales efforts and sales service. As the company stands second in India in aspect of turnover after Kotak Mahindra Securities, it‟s clear that it has very strong Customer Relationship Management System and perfect people to handle it properly for the benefit of customers and company as well. Actual and personal meeting with existing customers and employees has brought me to the reality of the effectiveness of the system and their success. For analyzing the same factor I staked my whole duration of the project and simultaneously for internal study and market watch and other group assignments. Questionnaire is based on the existing services and the satisfaction level of the existing customers which includes questions like Name, Age, Gender, Income, Investment Frequency, feedback about services which they are provided like conformation, calls, suggestions, solutions on stuck money like dead investment and all. On an average all the customers are happy with the company and look forward to the growth of it. C. Scope of the study: Scope the this study is it will assist Religare to get its own Customer Relationship Management system mirror well and it will get all the important things before eyes to apply all the possible ways to provide a superb service to the customers and accordingly make them loyal and retain them long lasting and also to get new customers to be served. Scopes can be stated in few points as follows. o Maintain current / existing customers. o Achieve new potential customers. o Retain all the customers. o Profitability Increment o Reputation and credibility Increment, etc. The heart of CRM is not being customer centric but rather to use customer profitability as a driver for decision making and action. Before exploring this assertion, it is useful to review the process of resource allocation as it is practiced in most organizations. The budget process largely consists of an extrapolation of the past. Resource constraints pit function against function with back room deals that are based on internal politics versus the marketplace. This decision process has little insight as to what is working and what is not working (as it applies to the marketplace) or for that matter why? Without insight relative to cause and effect, the organization has no choice but to follow intuition and anecdote. It is analogous to the story about the marketing VP who admitted that half the advertising budget was wasted; the problem was he did not know which half. CHAPTER 3. PROFILE OF THE COMPANY Profile of company Religare Enterprises Limited (REL): Religare, a Ranbaxy promoter group company, is one of the leading integrated financial services institutions of India. The company offers a large and diverse bouquet of services ranging from equities, commodities, insurance broking, to wealth advisory, portfolio management services, personal finance services, Investment banking and institutional broking services. The services are broadly clubbed across three key business verticals- Retail, Wealth management and the Institutional spectrum. Religare Enterprises Limited is the holding company for all its businesses, structured and being operated through various subsidiaries. Religare‟s retail network spreads across the length and breadth of the country with its presence through more than 1,217 locations across more than 392 cities and towns. Having spread itself fairly well across the country and with the promise of not resting on its laurels, it has also aggressively started eyeing global geographies Religare Enterprises Limited (REL) is one of the leading integrated financial services groups of India. REL‟s businesses are broadly clubbed across three key verticals, the Retail Institutional and Wealth spectrums, catering to a diverse and wide base of clients. The vision is to build Religare as a globally trusted brand in the financial services domain and present it as the „Inv estment Gateway of India‟. All employees of the group guided by an experienced and professional management team are committed to providing financial care, backed by the core values of diligence and transparency. REL offers a multitude of investment options and a diverse bouquet of financial services with its pan India reach in more than 1800 locations across more than 490 cities and towns. REL operates globally following its acquisition of London‟s oldest brokerage and investment firm, Hichens, Harrison and Co. plc. With a view to expand, diversify and introduce offerings benchmarked against global best practices, Religare operates its Life Insurance business in partnership with the global major- AEGON. For its wealth management business Religare has partnered with Australia based financial services major- Macquarie. Religare has also partnered with Vistaar Entertainment to launch India‟s first SEBI approved Film Fund offering a unique alternative asset class of investments. Religare Securities Limited (RSL), a 100% subsidiary of Religare Enterprises Limited is a leading equity and securities firm in India. The company currently handles sizeable volumes traded on NSE and in the realm of online trading and investments; it currently holds a reasonable share of the market. The major activities and offerings of the company today are Equity Broking, Depository Participant Services, Portfolio Management Services, International Advisory Fund Management Services, Institutional Broking and Research Services. To broaden the gamut of services offered to its investors, the company offers an online investment portal armed with a host of revolutionary features. o RSL is a member of the National Stock Exchange of India, Bombay Stock Exchange of India, Depository Participant with National Securities Depository Limited and Central Depository Services (I) Limited, and is a SEBI approved Portfolio Manager. o Religare has been constantly innovating in terms of product and services and to offer such incisive services to specific user segments it has also started the NRI, FII, HNI and Corporate Servicing groups. These groups take all the portfolio investment decisions depending upon a client‟s risk / return parameter. o Religare has a very credible Research and Analysis division, which not only caters to the need of our Institutional clientele, but also gives their valuable inputs to investment dealers. Trading in Equities with Religare truly empowers you for your investment needs. We ensure you have superlative trading experience through – ï‚ · A highly process driven, delight approach ï‚ · Powerful Research Analytics and ï‚ · One of the „best-class‟ dealing rooms Further, Religare also has one the largest retail networks, with its presence in more than 1800* locations across more than 490* cities and towns. This means, you can walk into any of these branches and connect to our highly skilled and dedicated relationship managers to get the best services. The Religare Edge o Pan India footprint o Powerful research and analytics supported by a pool of highly skilled research analysts o Ethical business practices o Single window for all investment needs through your unique CRN Religare Enterprise Limited, through its subsidiaries, offers a range of integrated financial products and services to retail inventors, high net worth individuals, and corporate and institutional clients in India. It operates in three divisions: Retail Spectrum, Wealth Spectrum, and Institutional Spectrum. The Retail Spectrum division offers equity brokerage, commodities brokerage, personal financial services, including insurance brokerage and mutual fund distribution; internet trading; loans against shares; and personal loans. The Wealth Spectrum division provides portfolio management services, wealth advisory services, and private client equity services, such as international equity services. The company was formerly known as Religare Enterprises Private Limited and changed its name to Religare Enterprises Limited in July 2006. The company was incorporated in 1984 and is based in New Delhi, India. Industry Profile 19 Industry Profile While regulation and reforms have made major improvements in the quality of the equity markets in India, its rapid growth and development are largely due to strong and efficient market intermediation. The robustness of the Indian markets today is attributable to a healthy blend of the quality of market Structure and efficient intermediation. Even as several countries are instituting procedures to commence. Equity derivative markets, India ranks amongst the top five countries globally in this segment, in less than five years of its introduction. This is an example of the proactive and progressive nature of the Indian brokerage industry. In the last decade, the Indian brokerage industry has undergone a dramatic transformation. From being made of close groups, the broking industry today is one of the most transparent and compliance oriented businesses. Long settlement cycles and large scale bad deliveries are a thing of the past with the advent of T+2 (Trading day + 2 days) settlement cycle and dematerialization. Large and fixed commissions have been replaced by wafer thin margins, with competition driving down the brokerage fee, in some cases, to a few basis points. 20 There have also been major changes in the way business is conducted. Technology has emerged as the key driver of business and investment advice has become research based. At the same time, adherence to regulation and compliance has vastly increased. The scope of services have enhanced from being equity products to a wide range of financial services. Investor protection has assumed significance, and so has providing them with education and awareness. Greater need for capitalization has induced several firms to access the capital market; foreign firms are showing increasing interest in taking equity stakes in domestic broking firms. Major developments in equity brokerage industry in India: 1. Corporate memberships There is a growing surge of corporate memberships (92% in NSE and 75% in BSE), and the scope of functioning of the brokerage firms has transformed from that of being a family run business to that of professional organized function that lays greater emphasis on observance of market principles and best practices. With proliferation of new markets and products, corporate nature of the memberships is enabling broking firms to expand the realm of their operations into other exchanges as also other product offerings. Memberships range from cash market to derivatives to commodities and a few broking firms are making forays into obtaining memberships in exchanges outside the country subject to their availability and eligibility. 21 2. Wider product offerings The product offerings of brokerage firms today go much beyond the traditional trading of equities. A typical brokerage firm today offers trading in equities and derivatives, most probably commodities futures, exchange traded funds, distributes mutual funds and insurance and also offers personal loans for housing, consumptions and other related loans, offers portfolio management services, and some even go to the extent of creating niche services such as a brokerage firm offering art advisory services. In the background of growing opportunities for investors to invest in India as also abroad, the range of products and services will widen further. In the offing will be interesting opportunities that might arise in the exchange enabled corporate bond trading, soon after its commencement and futures trading that might be introduced in the near future in the areas of interest rates and Indian currency. 22 3. Greater reliance on research Client advising in India has graduated from personal insights, market tips to becoming extensively research oriented and governed by fundamentals and technical factors. Vast progress has been made in developing company research and refining methods in technical and fundamental analysis. The research and advice are made online giving ready and real time access to market research for investors and clients, thus making research important brand equity for the brokerage firms. 4. Accessing equity capital markets Access to reliable financial resources has been one of the major constraints faced by the equity brokerage industry in India since long. Since the banking system is not fully integrated with the securities markets, brokerage firms face limitations in raising financial resources for business and expansion. With buoyancy of the stock markets and the rising prospects of several well organized broking firms, important opportunity to access capital markets for resource mobilization has become available. The recent past witnessed several leading brokerage firms accessing capital markets for financial resources with success. 23 5. Foreign collaborations and joint ventures The way the brokerage industry is run and the manner in which several of them pursued growth and development attracted foreign financial institutions and investment banks to buy stakes in domestic brokerage firms, paving the way for stronger brokerage entities and possible scope for consolidation in the future. Foreign firms picked up stake in some of the leading brokerage firms, which might lead to creating of greater interest in investing in brokerage firms by entities in India and abroad. 6. Specialized services/niche broking While supermarkets approach are adopted in general by broking firms, there are some which are creating niche services that attract a particular client group such as day traders, arbitrage trading, investing in small cap stocks etc, and providing complete range of research and other support to back up this function. 7. Online broking Several brokers are extending benefits of online trading through creation of separate windows. Some others have dedicated online broking portals. Emergence of online broking enabled reduction in transaction costs and costs of trading. Keen competition has emerged in online broking services, with some of these offering trading services at the cost of a few basis points or costs which are fixed in nature irrespective of the volume of 24 trading conducted. A wide range of incentives are being created and offered by online brokerage firms to attract larger number of clients. 8. Compliance oriented With stringent regulatory norms in operation, broking industry is giving greater emphasis on regulatory compliance and observance of market principles and codes of conduct. Many brokerage firms are investing time, money and resources to create efficient and effective compliance and reporting systems that will help them in avoiding costly mistakes and possible market abuses. Brokerage firms now have a compliance officer who is responsible for all compliance related aspects and for interacting with clients and other stake holders on aspects of regulation and compliance. 9. Focus on training and skill sets Brokerage firms are giving importance and significance to aspects such as training on skill sets that could prove to be beneficial in the long run. With the nature of markets and products becoming more complex, it becomes imperative for the broking firms to keep their staff continuously updated with latest development in practices and procedures. Moreover, it is mandated for certain types of dealers/brokers to seek specific certification and examinations that will make them eligible to carry business or trade. Greater emphasis on aspects such as research and analysis is giving scope 25 for in-depth training and skills sets on topics such as trading programs, valuations, economic and financial forecasting and company research. 10. From owners to traders A fundamental change that has taken place in the equity brokerage industry, which is a global trend as well, is the transformation of broking from owners of the stock exchange to traders of the stock market. Demutualization and corporatization of stock exchanges bifurcated the ownership and trading rights with brokers vested only with the later and ownership being widely distributed. Demutualization is providing balanced welfare gains to both the stock exchanges and the members with the former being able to run as corporations and the latter being able to avoid conflict of interests that sometimes came as a major deterrent for the long term growth of the industry. Emerging challenges and outlook for the brokerage industry .Brokerage firms in India made much progress in pursuing growth and building professionalism in operations. Given the nature of the brokerage industry being very dynamic, changes could be rapid and so as the challenges that emerge from time to time. A brief description on some of the prospects and challenges of the brokerage firms are discussed below. 26 11. Fragmentation Indian brokerage industry is highly fragmented. Numerous small firms operate in this space. Given the growing importance of technology in operations and increasing emphasis on regulatory compliance, smaller firms might find it constrained to make right type of investments that will help in business growth and promotion of investor interests. 12. Capital Adequacy Capital adequacy has emerged as an important determinant that governs the scope of business in the financial sector. Current requirements stipulation capital adequacy in regard to trading exposure, but in future more tighter norms of capital adequacy might come into force as a part of the prudential norms in the financial sector. In this background, it becomes imperative for the brokerage firms to focus on raising capital resources that will enable to give continuous thrust and focus on business growth. 13. Global Opportunities Broking in the future will increasingly become international in character with the stock markets being open for domestic and international investors including institutions and individuals, as also opportunities for investing abroad. Keeping abreast with developments in international markets as also familiarization with global standards in broking operations and assimilating major practices and procedures will become relevant for the domestic brokerage firms. 27 14. Opportunities from regional finance Regional economic integration such as that under the European Union and the ASEAN have greatly benefited businesses in the individual countries with cross border opportunities that helped to expand the scope and significance of the business. Initial measures to promote South Asian economic integration is being made by governments in the region first at the political level to be followed up in regard to financial markets. South Asian economic integration will provide greater opportunities for broking firms in India to pursue cross border business. In view of several of common features prevailing in the markets, it would be easier to make progress in this regard. 15. Product Dynamics As domestic finance matures and greater flow of cross border flows continue, new market segments will come into force, which could benefit the domestic brokerage firms, if they are well prepared. For instance, in the last three to four years, brokerage firms had newer opportunities in the form of commodities futures, distribution of insurance products, wealth management, mutual funds etc, and as the market momentum continues, broking firms will have an opportunity to introduce a wider number of products. 28 16. Competition from foreign firms Surging markets and growing opportunities will attract a number of international firms that will increase the pace of competition. Global firms with higher levels of capital, expertise and market experience will bring dramatic changes in the brokerage industry space which the local firms should be able to absorb and compete. Domestic broking firms should always give due focus to emerging trends in competition and prepare accordingly. 17. Investor Protection Issues of investor interest and protection will assume centre stage. Firms found not having suitable infrastructure and processes to ensure investor safety and protection will encounter constraints from regulation as also class action suits that investors might bring against erring firms. The nature of penalties and punitive damages would become more severe. It is important for brokerage firms to establish strong and streamlined systems and procedures for ensuring investor safety and protection. 29 Chapter 4. Literature Review Literature Review Historical Background: Customer relationship management (CRM), a concept that has been around since the mid 90s, has its roots in the technology of sales automation and call center operations. At that time, it was thought that merging the customer data from the field (sales) with the call center interactions would result in more informed interactions with the customer. The concept resonated with user organizations and soon mergers and acquisitions created a host of software vendors all claiming to have an integrated set of capabilities that became known as CRM. On a parallel track, Internet-based tools such as e-commerce, Internet marketing, personalization, and self-help were evolving. These products competed outside of the CRM sphere due to the newness of the technology, and they were referred to as e-business. When the concepts of CRM and e-business melded together there was a short period of e-madness where vendors talked about eCRM and e-everything. There are still vestiges of this transition in the industry such as essentially using e-business to add value to vendors and referring to it as partner relationship management (PRM) or providing tools for employees and referring to it as employee relationship management (ERM). 31 Similarly, enterprise resource planning (ERP) vendors realized that the 360-degree view of the customer has to include transaction data, so they have likewise developed an integrated package with CRM capabilities. Thus from a technology perspective CRM consists of a set of applications that address the needs of customer-facing functions that in turn feed a common database that is supported by business analytics. Each vendor has variations on this theme. On the other hands, CRM can be defined as a process or methodology used to learn more about customers‟ needs and behaviors in order to manage and develop stronger relationships in an organized way with them. 32 Components of CRM: 1. Contact an Account Management: Relevant data for customer profile is captured with the help of the software. Necessary information is captured from prospective customers. CRM system stores data in common customer database. The database integrates customer account information and presents it in desirable format to the company. The data is used for sales, marketing, services and other applications. 33 2. Sales: Sales process management follows a customized sales methodology with specific sales policies and procedures. Sales activities include – Product information, Product configuration, sales prospectus and sales quote generation. CRM also provide the history of customer account so that the sales call can be scheduled accordingly. 3. Marketing and fulfillment: CRM helps the professionals in product marketing, target marketing, relationship marketing and campaign management. By analyzing customer and business value of direct marketing can be estimated. CRM also helps in customer retention, behavior prediction, channel optimization, personalization. Customer response and requests can be quickly scheduled and hence sales contacts. 34 4. Customer Service and support: CRM system provides service representatives with adequate access to customer database. It also helps to create, assign and manage the service requests by customers. Calling format is designed to route customer calls to respective attendants as per the skills and authority to handle special cases. Help desk system is developed to help customer service representative to help customers who face problems with product or service to resolve it. Web-based Self Service means help customer to access personalized information at company website. 5. Retention and loyalty programs: The primary objective of CRM is to enhance and optimize customer retention and loyalty. CRM systems are also useful in determining most loyal and profitable customers and reward. 35 The essential link between Marketing, Sales and Customer Service: Too often, the three key functions that directly affect customers -Marketing, Sales and Customer Service – operate independently of one another. This can create confusion and inconsistency in how you communicate and service your customers. For examples, marketing staff may come up with a price promotion. However, if that is not communicated to the sales team, the result could be incorrect billing, which may take time or resources from the customer to rectify and could create ill will and mistrust, making it seem like your company does not adhere to its word. 36 Similarly, if a salesperson makes a sale and gives certain guarantees to a customer but those are not communicated to the customer service team or even to the other sales team members, then the customer may fees as if the company is not standing behind its assurance. This can be particularly problematic if there is employee turnover and poor communication between or even departments. This „silo effect‟ – where information is between vertically in departments that may or may not communicate with each other- could actually damage your business. With comprehensive CRM system, however, customer communication is captured and housed in an accessible database, making the most current information available to anyone who needs it and has access to the system. By breaking through barriers between various business functions and making communication transparent, your company can act in a more consistent and unified fashion with its customers, instilling a greater level of trust and strengthening customer relationships. Religare Securities Limited (RSL) provides a host of financial services under one roof following a ONE STOP SHOP philosophy. It has a dedicated team of professionals to cater to the variety of services to Individuals, Corporate and Institutions. The team updates its clients with opportunities with a sense of competitive urgency and risk management. What‟s more, their special analysts design customized services for HNI and Institutions. 37 Over the years Religare Securities Ltd. has played a successful role in clients wealth creation. In the process Religare Securities Ltd. also refined itself, as an investment advisor and is poised to provide complete Investment Management Solutions to its valued clientele. The following is the product profile of the company. ï‚ · Equity Broking BSE and NSE ï‚ · Derivatives Futures and Options ï‚ · Internet Broking- Online Trading ï‚ · Commodities Trading NCDEX MCX ï‚ · Institutional Broking ï‚ · Depository Services NSDL CDSL ï‚ · Portfolio Management Services ï‚ · NRI Investments ï‚ · Initial Public Offerings (IPO) ï‚ · Mutual Fund Investment NEWS: Religare Securities bags LIPPER-STARMINE Award for Excellence in Research Mumbai, February 18, 2009: Religare Securities Limited a wholly owned subsidiary of Religare Enterprises Limited has been recently awarded the LIPPER-STARMINE broker award for Earnings Estimates in Midcap Research for 2008. The Lipper| StarMine Awards organized by Thomson Reuters, for Asset Management and sell-side broking Companies in India, were announced last week in Mumbai. The awards recognize analysts who are more accurate than their peers in forecasting earnings, awarding credit to those who demonstrate an ability to make accurate estimates earlier than their peers. On receiving the award, Mr. Amitabh Chakraborty, President (Equity), said, We are extremely proud to receive this award as a validation of our efforts in what was the most difficult and volatile year in stock market and corporate history. It is in these difficult times that the ability of a team to accurately estimate corporate earnings stands its truest test and we have succeeded in enabling our customers to make informed buy or sell recommendations in order to give above average returns to investors. 40 Equities What is equity? Funds brought into a business by its shareholders is called equity. It is a measure of a stake of a person or group of persons starting a business. What does investing in equity mean? When you buy a companys equity, you are in effect financing it, and being compensated with a stake in the business. You become part-owner of the company, entitled to dividends and other benefits that the company may announce, but without any guarantee of a return on your investments. Dematerialization What is Demat? Demat is a commonly used abbreviation of Dematerialisation, which is a process whereby securities like shares, debentures are converted from the material (paper documents) into electronic data and stored in the computers of an electronic Depository (SEE next page). You surrender material securities registered in your name to a Depository Participant (DP). These are then sent to the respective companies 41 who cancel them after dematerialization and credit your Depository Account with the DP. The securities on dematerialization appear as balances in the Depository Account. These balances are transferable like physical shares. If at a later date you wish to have these Demat securities converted back into paper certificates, the Depository can help to revive the paper shares. What is the procedure for the dematerialisation of securities? Check with a DP as to whether the securities you hold can be dematerialised. Then open an account with a DP and surrender the share certificates. What is a Depository? A Depository is a securities bank, where dematerialised physical securities are held in custody, and from where they can be traded. This facilitates faster, risk-free and low cost settlement. A Depository is akin to a bank and performs activities similar in nature. At present, there are two Depositories in India, National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL) and Central Depository Services (CDS). NSDL was the first Indian Depository. It was inaugurated in November 1996. NSDL was set up with an initial capital of Rs 124 crores, promoted by Industrial Development Bank of 42 India (IDBI), Unit Trust of India (UTI), National Stock Exchange of India Ltd. (NSEIL) and the State Bank of India (SBI). Who is a Depository Participant (DP)? NSDL carries out its activities through business partners Depository Participants (DPs), Issuing Corporates and their Registrars and Transfer Agents, Clearing Corporations/Clearing Houses. NSDL is electronically linked to each of these business partners via a satellite link through Very Small Aperture Terminals (VSATS). The entire integrated system (including the VSAT linkups and the software at NSDL and at each business partners end) has been named the NEST (National Electronic Settlement Transfer) system. The investor interacts with the Depository through a Depository Participant of NSDL. A DP can be a bank, financial institution, a custodian or a broker. 43 Chapter 5. Research Methodology 44 Research Methodology Research Design: Research design means adopting that type technique of research which is most suited for the research and study of the problem. For the study and the research of the problem proper material has to be selected and collected for the investigation. â€Å"A research design is the arrangement of conditions for collection and analysis of data in a manner that aims to combine relevance to the research purpose with economy in procedure.† Jahoda, deutish. Cook. In order to know about effectiveness of Customer Relationship Management in Religare Securities Ltd., it was necessary to interact with the customer. The sample taken comprised of respondents from Pune city. A questionnaire had to be designed to collect valuable information from the different customer groups. The questionnaire which was designed suitably to meet the objective of research work. 45 Nature of Research: In this project report I have undertaken quantitative type of study. Type of the questions: The questions in the questionnaire asked to the visiting customers of Religare Securities Ltd, Regional office in Pune, are Straight Forward and Limited Probing. Type of the Questionnaire: The questionnaire in this project report is straight forward and formalized. Type of Analysis: The analysis done in this particular project report is statistical. 46 Sources of Data: a. Primary Data: The Primary data are those data which are collected fresh and for the first time and thus happen to be original in character. The primary data that was collected through interview conducted in Regional Branch with daily visiting customers. The primary data sources include copies of questionnaire and data of their respective responses. b. Secondary Data: The secondary data are those which have already been collected by someone else and which have been passed through the statistical process. Secondary data was collected through company websites. Some of the web sites http://www.religaresecurities.com/ and some others like. 47 Chapter 6. Primary Data Collection 48 Primary Data Collection Research Technique: As the researcher, I adopted survey method as a research technique for this particular project report. Contact Method: I as a researcher interviewed the respondents by personal interview. Sampling Plan: a) Population: The population covered in this project report refers to the existing (Office Coming) customers of Regional Office, who have their trading and D‟mat A/c with Religare Securities Ltd. b) Sample Size The sample size undertaken by me for this particular project report is 100 respondents. 49 c) Sample Element The respondents contacted and interviewed in this project report are all from different domain some of them were Businessmen, High Net-worth Investors, Proprietors, even Students also invest in Share Market. d) Sample Extent As a researcher, I conducted this survey only for the customers in Regional Office of Religare Securities, Pune. e) Sample Duration The survey was undertaken from the 01st June, 2009 to 30th July, 2009 i.e. for two months. f) Research Instrument: Questionnaires containing both open ended and close ended questions were used as a research instrument in this particular project report. 50 Chapter 7. Data Analysis Interpretation 51 Data Analysis Interpretation 1. Respondents: Respondents Businessmen HNIs Proprietors Individuals Number of respondents Interpretation: Above pie chart represents that research contains 100 respondents which are Businessmen, HNIs, Proprietors and Individuals and they are 30, 8, 24, 38 respectively in numbers and percentages. 30% 8% 24% 38% Businessmen HNIs Proprietors Individuals 52 2. Income Group(Annual): Income Group (INR) 10000 1 Lakh 1 Lakh 5 Lakh 5 Lakh-10 Lakh 10 Lakh Above Number of respondents Interpretation: Above pie chart represents that the research contained 100 investors and customers of Religare Securities Ltd. All the people were from different different Income group which are in numbers shown above. W e can clearly see sample includes more customers from first income group i.e. INR 10,000 – 1 Lakh 43% 37% 13% 7% 10000 -1 Lakh 1 Lakh -5 Lakh 5 Lakh -10 Lakh 10 Lakh -Above 53 2. Company Interaction via Email and Telephone Calls: Interaction Via Email and Telephone Calls Interpretation: From the above result of Company Interaction via Email and Telephone calls, we can imagine the satisfaction level of customers and accordingly Customer Relationship is managed through electronic media to maximize the wealth of customers. In Religare mostly dealers are in touch of regular traders / customers and customers also get loyal to the company through this practice. Every call is taped by default for the evidence of orders to buy or sell the stocks and Emails too. Excellent Interpretation: When it was asked sudden and on the time answer was the same of maximum people, it means the credibility and trustworthiness of the company is on the height. It‟s nothing but the result of Relationship Management. It is said that Share Market means „Well of Loss‟, nevertheless Religare‟s Customer don‟t have any tension in investing because they believe in Company‟s Researchers and Analysts and their investment tips too. 96% Number of respondents Interpretation: From the above answers Customer Relationship can be very well highlighted because out of 100, 43 people have rated Religare on the scale of 1 to 10 and again in remaining maximum customers say that they rate Religare at on the scale of 1 to 10.Every customer has his own value and consideration about Religare because they invest their Hard Earned money and take risk to earn more cause of Religare‟s Services and Attachment and it is all the output of Customer Relationship Management. 4% 5. Where do you invest/ trade mostly? Where Customers Invest mostly Equity Commodity Currency Number of respondents 66 19 15 Interpretation: One general question was asked in questionnaire to know the investment flow of customers towards Religare Services. When it was asked why they invest in specific area mostly then it was answered by many people that liquidity market is easy to make money out of investment and take money out whenever we feel not to put. And other reason many customers don‟t want to invest for long time.And about currency some people were not interested. 66% 19% 15% Equity Commodity Currency 57 6. Where do you trade mostly? Where Customers Trade mostly Intraday Delivery Both Number of respondents 48 37 15 48% 37% 15% Intraday Delivery Both 58 Interpretation: From the above view of graph we come to know that maximum people, 61% customers trade in Intraday Trading. On this customers say they like to trade in Intraday because of Short term investment and high level of excitement and sometimes they feel their money seems to sink. It‟s like One Day Cricket play for many customers. In Delivery, people say here is „No / Low Risk, More Money‟ , in this people say if scrip goes down like „Satyam‟, then also we get chance to book profit buying current stocks in low price and putting old stock aside temporarily. Here we find people hesitate to invest in Intraday and confident to trade in Delivery trading. Very less traders population do trade in both area, for few people it‟s nothing but fund managing, if one finds difficulty in making money in Intraday, they simultaneously manage their fund for Delivery, but very few people feel do this type of management. Eventually Religare is the Broking firm and it doesnâ₠¬Å¸t lose its attention from making money for its customers and lose its attention from Customer Relationship Management. 59 7. Do you trade in any other broking firm? Trade in other Broking Firm Yes No Number of respondents Interpretation: Above pie chart represents the maximum people have their D‟mat A /c and Trading A/c somewhere else also nevertheless they say they trade from Religare only and few of their other A/cs are put Non-Operating by them. Here we get a fact that Religare‟s Customer Relationship Management really has something very attractive and attachable to emotions cause of services. Few of them were hesitating while answering this question. 8. Are you satisfied with the services provided by Religare? Satisfaction Strongly Yes Slightly Yes No Strongly No Slightly No Number of respondents Interpretation: Above chart represents us the output of Customer Relationship Management with the help of the services and customers satisfaction can show a mirror of the efforts of the company towards making their customers loyal to them. Here 64% customers have selected and stated that they are fully satisfied with the services that they are getting from Religare Securities Ltd. 64% 9. Since last how many years you are in field of trading? Since when customers are trading ? Less than 1 year More than 1year More than 2 years Number of respondents Interpretation: This question was asked intentionally to know the loyalty of customers with Religare Securities Ltd., which is nothing but the back-screen coding of on screen output. These all things are the proud of Religare and its customers are also very proud to be in Religare. 17% Customer Relationship Management Business Drivers and Benefits ï‚ · It empowers management with a real-time pipelines and forecasting so they can build and focus on high profit, sustainable relationships. ï‚ · It empowers staff wit customer intelligence and best practices to increase their likelihood of successful transactions. ï‚ · It increases customer‟s acquisition, retention, loyalty, and profitability by integrating information across the enterprise. ï‚ · It enables executive and management to gain customer insight. 64 Customer Relationship Management Risks ï‚ · Effective internal controls must be in place to prevent customer information from becoming scattered across databases and servers. ï‚ · CRM can be associated with significant revenue cycle. ï‚ · CRM should be kept and handled and carefully kept inside the company only otherwise Customers Database can be misused by rivals. Customer Common Findings while contacting: ï‚ · Generally people whom I have contacted they were from different domains like Business, Proprietors, High Net worth Income Group (HNIs) and students. ï‚ · Their responses may not be proper because of their „Busyness‟ in Dealing Room. ï‚ · This data is called Primary Data, which is considered very genuine but is this case it misrepresents the Reality and Credibility. 65 ï‚ · Some people, its felt that they gave fake response, with impression that this questionnaire is from Religare Securities internal. ï‚ · Some people did not take it serious because this was not important to them as they are busy for trading at dealing Room. ï‚ · Every data interpretation and statistics cannot be think worthy from their results because this study is for only two months altogether. 66 Chapter 8. Limitations 67 Limitations Findings are according to the observations. 1. Many consultants, vendors, and analysts today define CRM in terms of being a customer-centric business strategy that is enabled by a set of applications that support customer-facing functions and management decision making. That may capture the essence of what CRM is, but while it does not concentrate on the extra expenses occurring on Company‟s A/c due to increment in expenses in serving customers all the ways and Return on investment means consideration may not be more than expected. Customer may not give that much business transactions which is estimated or expected. 2. It needs specific staffs to handle all the tasks of Customer Relationship Management because the data that is feed in system cannot be handled merely by Relationship Managers who has to make new customers and take care of their dealings and also to accomplish their additional responsibilities. 68 Suggestions 69 Suggestions 1. Short Duration: o Project research duration was only for two months, in this tenure neither study nor observation can be done properly. For example, we saw sample plan – in that only 100 customers could be contacted and now the problem is- from this samples we cannot think of Macro Level Perception of customers. Many people may be from same point of view and many may not and those 100 people may not contain these type of people. So duration of Research Project should be more than two months. 2. Customer Category: o To find effective Customer Relationship Management, Broking firm can do one more thing which will be very beneficial to them in finding Asset Customers from the bottom level management to top level management. Religare should adopt system of allotting Customer Categories according to their transactions, due payments, exposure, loyalty, frequency of trading and all. 70 o In this system at all the level where CRM is handled and watched by Top class officials of the company, they also get to know the list names and details of the loyal customers and CEO or Board of Directors also get to know total customers and at last their turnover of the total transaction. 3. Affiliated Awareness Programs: o Religare should arrange affiliated programs within its own groups to come to the sense of new people and accordingly to prospecting and acquiring new customers. o With the help of it companies CRM will help it to get height of success and dominate the world of Services. Because CRM affects Marketing, Sales and profitability and these all can be achieved by CRM. o For E.g., Religare Securities can play few awareness documentaries and Advertisement with „Religare Vistaar‟ this will result in getting more and more customers to serve and accordingly Religare can become the first ranker in turnover very soon. 71 Appendix I. Copy of questionnaire II. Bibliography , 72 Questionnaire 1. Name:________________________________________________ 2. Contact No:________________________________________________ 3. Occupation: ï‚ £Businessman ï‚ £Proprietor ï‚ £HNI ï‚ £Individual 4. Income Group(Annual): ï‚ £ 10000 1 Lakh ï‚ £1 Lakh 5 Lakh ï‚ £ 5 Lakh-10 Lakh ï‚ £ 10 Lakh Above 5. How do you find Company Interaction via Email and Telephone Calls ? ï‚ £Poor ï‚ £Fair ï‚ £Good ï‚ £ Very Good 73 6. Do you find company’s investment tips useful and beneficial? ï‚ £Yes ï‚ £No ï‚ £Can’t Say 7. Where do you rate Religare on the scale of 10 in terms of Services? ï‚ £4 ï‚ £6 ï‚ £8 ï‚ £10 8. Where do you invest/ trade mostly? ï‚ £Equity ï‚ £Commodity ï‚ £Currency 9. Where do you trade mostly? ï‚ £Intraday trading ï‚ £Delivery Trading 10. Do you trade in any other broking firm? ï‚ £Yes ï‚ £No If Yes, name of the broking firm__________________________________ 74 11. Are you satisfied with the services provided by Religare? ï‚ £Yes ï‚ £No Since last how many years you are in field of trading? ï‚ £Less than 1 Year ï‚ £More Than 1 Year ï‚ £More than 5 Year 12. What improvement do you want be done in company’s services? ï‚ £__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________ 13. Which service do you like most in Religare? ï‚ £_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 75 Bibliography Websites = http://deadpresident.blogspot.com http://religareonline.com http://www.religaresecurities.com Newspapers = The Hindu Books =

Bok-What? Farming Gets a Face-Lift :: Essays Papers

Bok-What? Farming Gets a Face-Lift 1. New Jersey: home of the indelible and intelligent Jersey cow, whose milk is less forthcoming than her sister Holsteins around the country, but richer and creamier, nonetheless. Then there are the fields: acres and acres of Jersey corn stretching up towards the hot summer sun, basking in its glory, waiting patiently for the day when man will enter with his massive harvesting machines, collecting ear upon ear in a dizzying display of mechanized efficiency. And who could forget Farmer Hom, with his tiny plot of bok choy, growing sprightly on his tiny farm alongside small mustard greens and bitter melon (Taipei Times, 17 Nov. 2002)? Wait a minute. That doesn't seem right. What are mustard greens, bitter melon, and bok choy doing in the middle of New Jersey? 2. The answer lies in the current popularity of the vegetable itself: "an attractive vegetable with a mild, meaty heart and tender, darker green leaves . . . bok choy has become the vegetable of the moment" (Fabricant, 22 October 2001). Restaurants combining Asian seasoning to their dishes or employing fusion concepts have created a sudden demand for strange and exotic produce. Regular consumers, too, increasingly interested in more healthful foods, have begun to show interest in this Brassica vegetable's alleged cancer-fighting properties. There are some, like Farmer Hom in New Jersey, who have taken notice. Thus, they are abandoning traditional base commodity crops like corn or soybeans, and focusing, instead, on these newly emerging "niche" markets, growing or creating a specific product for specific people. 3. Niche farming is just one of many trends in agriculture that seeks to add value to a product by catering to the specific needs of the consumer directly -- such as restaurants or individuals, rather than large transnational corporations. It is a concept that is benefiting small farmers directly, those struggling to compete with large, highly capitalized agribusiness because it allows them to produce products the big guys can't: "the most successful farmers have turned away from traditional farming that produces what people need to niche markets based instead on what people want" (Quimby, 17 Nov. 2002). 4. Traditional farming practices follow an industrial model of production -- one based on specialization, mechanization, routinization, and economies of scale or size.

Leadership my Indomitable Spirit

Leo Tolstoy once asked the question, â€Å"What is the human spirit?   You can’t see it like an arm, you can’t feel it like the heart†¦but the human spirit will drive you further and longer than muscle in the human body.† When we speak of man, however, something else is meant within the world image of the Book of Changes, something other than the individual, which our more rational age understands. (Wilhelm, pg 52)   When I first studied for this task, I have found that the search for great thought and inspiration could not be generalized thru a series of steps. The perseverance to success stems from a steady tendency of periods of transitions and the spirit of the moment.   Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"In fact I have found that the human spirit often thrives on dangers and difficulties†¦difficulties are here, as ever,† (Routh, pg 37)     but the human spirit is not driven from it at all. Even more so, the act of leadership is valued as a part of the human spirit.   It recognized that â€Å"perseverance is the beginning of how building a team is the central approach at every level.† (Fairholm, pg. 42) In essence, this University and my team members have provided a home for this human spirit and a path that leads to different programs of education under a vast curriculum. â€Å"Significant education occurs in the process of planning and implementing programs, particularly through dialogue† (Burnaby, pg 123) therefore the kind of education that creates and replicates the human spirit.   Participatory education is based first and foremost on profound respect for the human spirit and its ability to conquer.   The spirit perseverance resides in every one. Reference(s) Wilhelm, Hellmut Heaven, Earth, and Man in the Book of Changes: Seven Eranos Lectures.   Publisher: University of Washington Press. Place of Publication: Seattle. Publication Year: 1977. Page Number: 52. Routh, H. V.   Towards the Twentieth Century: (Essays in the Spiritual History of the Nineteenth)   Book by; The Macmillan Company, 1937 Page Number: 37 W. Fairholm, Gilbert Capturing the Heart of Leadership: Spirituality and Community in the New American Workplace Praeger Publishers, 1997 Page Number: 42 Barbara Burnaby, Pat Campbell Participatory Practices in Adult Education. Publisher: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Place of Publication: Mahwah, NJ. Publication Year: 2001. Page Number: 123.

Adult Learning Theory

Adult Learning Theory Cedric A. Smith March 5, 2013 INFT 101 – B63 LUO Summary Adult learning theory focuses on educating adults in a style that best relates to the life and experiences. Adults and children learn in different ways. It has been found that children learn because they have to, while adults learn for reasons usually based on self motivated factors or androgogy (Holt, 2011). â€Å"Teaching that transforms: Facilitating life change through adult Bible teaching† by Richard A.Holt (2011), it is stated that it is necessary to bring both concepts of the Bible teaching and contemporary adult learning theories together for the most effectiveness. In the Holt article; it is shown that Biblical explanation and interpretation assist the adult learner in gaining knowledge. The choices one makes gives real world perspective and power can only be obtained by the Holy Spirit. The article discusses the styles in which adult learning makes a difference, whether androgogy, t ransformative learning or self-directed learning (Holt). Adult Learning Theory for the Twenty-First Century† discusses the goals of educators to better prepare themselves to better deal with adult learners. Over the last 15 years, learning theories have changed very aggressively (Merriam, 2008). As adults continue to develop human physiology changes, thus learning teaching styles have to change to keep up. It has been recognized that with time everything that adults experience is part of the learning process. It has been further recognized that educators have to increase their tool set to involve creative and artistic modes of teaching to reach a wider audience.Both articles cover the ever-changing dynamics of the human psyche and educational styles and requirements in dealing with adult learning. Educators have to continue to increase knowledge both for themselves as well as those whom they are educating. Where the styles of the teaching process in the Holt (2011) article dif fer from the Merriam (2008) article, they both recognize the changes in adult learners. It has been recognized over years and will continue for years to come that educators of adults will have to continue honing their skill sets to accommodate the learning styles of adults.Since adults learn differently from children it is important to include the learning styles necessary to maximize the efforts of educators. As adults learning styles change it will be necessary for those educating adults to change also. Reflection After reading both articles and realizing the application in my own life and learning style, I conclude that adults learn differently. There were moments of complete frustration as I was putting my thoughts together as I can tend to be somewhat of a perfectionist. I had the realization that time management and organizational skills are imperative when completing an assignment of any type.The Holt (2011) article caught my attention initially because of how I tend to study and read the Bible in particular. I am coming to understand more and more how I learn and further realize that the concepts of knowledge, choice and power are applicable in my own life. I am intrigued by the concept mentioned in the Holt article and will consider its application to my current Bible study methods. The Merriam (2008) article is interesting in the fact that I had no idea how challenging it is for educators to keep up with the learning curve that is necessary to continue teaching the increasing number of adult learners.Being out of the college environment for so long, I realize it is not as easy to just get things done with all of the demands of life as I know it. I can see how both articles and their teaching styles have a positive impact on dealing with adult learning. With all of the influences of culture, music, art, etc, it is imperative that educators find a way to keep up with the demands of educating the population of adults returning to increase their knowledg e to keep up with fast paced American culture. I now have a new respect for teachers on all levels. It is interesting that adult educator’s find is so necessary to effectively reach adults.It is increasingly more common for adults to return to school for a number of reasons, and are driven to succeed for just as many reasons. Thankfully educators realize the change necessary to comprehend the goals of those adults striving for successes related to educating themselves. References Holt, R. A. (2011). Teaching that transforms: Facilitating life change through adult Bible teaching. Christian Education Journal,  8(2), 450+ Merriam, S. B. (2008). Adult learning theory for the twenty-first century. New Directions For Adult And Continuing Education, Volume 2008, Issue 119, 93-98. DOI: 10. 1002/ace. 309 Adult Learning Theory Adult Learning Theory Cedric A. Smith March 5, 2013 INFT 101 – B63 LUO Summary Adult learning theory focuses on educating adults in a style that best relates to the life and experiences. Adults and children learn in different ways. It has been found that children learn because they have to, while adults learn for reasons usually based on self motivated factors or androgogy (Holt, 2011). â€Å"Teaching that transforms: Facilitating life change through adult Bible teaching† by Richard A.Holt (2011), it is stated that it is necessary to bring both concepts of the Bible teaching and contemporary adult learning theories together for the most effectiveness. In the Holt article; it is shown that Biblical explanation and interpretation assist the adult learner in gaining knowledge. The choices one makes gives real world perspective and power can only be obtained by the Holy Spirit. The article discusses the styles in which adult learning makes a difference, whether androgogy, t ransformative learning or self-directed learning (Holt). Adult Learning Theory for the Twenty-First Century† discusses the goals of educators to better prepare themselves to better deal with adult learners. Over the last 15 years, learning theories have changed very aggressively (Merriam, 2008). As adults continue to develop human physiology changes, thus learning teaching styles have to change to keep up. It has been recognized that with time everything that adults experience is part of the learning process. It has been further recognized that educators have to increase their tool set to involve creative and artistic modes of teaching to reach a wider audience.Both articles cover the ever-changing dynamics of the human psyche and educational styles and requirements in dealing with adult learning. Educators have to continue to increase knowledge both for themselves as well as those whom they are educating. Where the styles of the teaching process in the Holt (2011) article dif fer from the Merriam (2008) article, they both recognize the changes in adult learners. It has been recognized over years and will continue for years to come that educators of adults will have to continue honing their skill sets to accommodate the learning styles of adults.Since adults learn differently from children it is important to include the learning styles necessary to maximize the efforts of educators. As adults learning styles change it will be necessary for those educating adults to change also. Reflection After reading both articles and realizing the application in my own life and learning style, I conclude that adults learn differently. There were moments of complete frustration as I was putting my thoughts together as I can tend to be somewhat of a perfectionist. I had the realization that time management and organizational skills are imperative when completing an assignment of any type.The Holt (2011) article caught my attention initially because of how I tend to study and read the Bible in particular. I am coming to understand more and more how I learn and further realize that the concepts of knowledge, choice and power are applicable in my own life. I am intrigued by the concept mentioned in the Holt article and will consider its application to my current Bible study methods. The Merriam (2008) article is interesting in the fact that I had no idea how challenging it is for educators to keep up with the learning curve that is necessary to continue teaching the increasing number of adult learners.Being out of the college environment for so long, I realize it is not as easy to just get things done with all of the demands of life as I know it. I can see how both articles and their teaching styles have a positive impact on dealing with adult learning. With all of the influences of culture, music, art, etc, it is imperative that educators find a way to keep up with the demands of educating the population of adults returning to increase their knowledg e to keep up with fast paced American culture. I now have a new respect for teachers on all levels. It is interesting that adult educator’s find is so necessary to effectively reach adults.It is increasingly more common for adults to return to school for a number of reasons, and are driven to succeed for just as many reasons. Thankfully educators realize the change necessary to comprehend the goals of those adults striving for successes related to educating themselves. References Holt, R. A. (2011). Teaching that transforms: Facilitating life change through adult Bible teaching. Christian Education Journal,  8(2), 450+ Merriam, S. B. (2008). Adult learning theory for the twenty-first century. New Directions For Adult And Continuing Education, Volume 2008, Issue 119, 93-98. DOI: 10. 1002/ace. 309